邦德essay代写:总统选举

2017-06-12 14:23

Bowen和莱文的研究的另一个问题是他们使用的结果是狭义的。他们非常重视传统的学术成果，例如分数平均和学术荣誉。然而，他们只是口头上对其他学院的结果，尤其是那些课外的结果。Bowen和莱文指出，在班上垫底的运动员中，占很大比例的运动员占了第三。他们一直在寻找的候选人在2004即将到来的总统选举中，他们会发现，民主党候选人John Kerry和共和党的总统候选人和现任总统，小布什，共享覆盖在回收游戏机构同样的区别（AP，2005）。学生可以用很多不同的方式来引导他们的精力，而那些成绩较低的学生往往会取得一些传统意义上的成绩。虽然作者认为，平均而言，运动员在学业上比同龄人表现差，但还有其他的结果与参加大学运动有着积极的联系。邦德essay代写:总统选举. 瑞安（1989）发现参加大学体育运动与大学的总体满意度、获得学位的动机以及人际交往能力和领导能力的发展之间有着积极的关系。对运动员的表现相对于同龄人的书有如此多的关注。然而，作者在庆祝大学体育参与的积极成果是懒惰的学生。它会被说服了作者反对绩差股问题，同时承认需要保持在校际体育参与的积极方面。虽然学术成绩如分数平均值是评价学生成绩的有用而必要的指标，但这项研究由于忽视了更广泛的学生成绩而显得不够。
邦德essay代写:总统选举
Another problem with Bowen and Levin's study is that the outcomes they use are narrowly defined. Appropriately, they place great emphasis on traditional academic outcomes such as grade point average and academic honors. However, they merely pay lip service to other collegiate outcomes, particularly those outside of the classroom. Bowen and Levin point to the large percentage of athletes that fell into the bottom third of the class. Had they been looking at candidates in the upcoming presidential election of 2004, they would have found that the Democratic nominee, John Kerry, and the Republican nominee and incumbent president, George W. Bush, shared the same distinction at institutions covered in Reclaiming the Game (AP, 2005). Students can direct their energies in many different ways and often those with lower grades emerge having achieved outcomes that are not traditionally measured. While the authors establish that, on average, athletes perform worse academically relative to their peers, there are other outcomes that are positively associated with participation in college sports. Ryan (1989) found a positive relationship between participation in college athletics and overall satisfaction with the college experience, motivation to earn a degree, and the development of interpersonal skills and leadership abilities. There is so much focus in the book on how athletes underperform relative to their peers. Yet, the authors are remiss in celebrating the positive student outcomes associated with participation in college sports. It would have been convincing had the authors combated the issue of underperformance while acknowledging the need to preserve the positive aspects of participation in intercollegiate athletics. While academic outcomes like grade point average are useful and necessary metrics for evaluating student performance, the study comes up short due to its negligence of a broader set of student outcomes.